Indian Railways: History and Extension of Rail in the Country

By: Engineer's Planet

Presently, the most convenient and affordable means of land transport is rail transport. The Indian Railways has a history of more than 165 years. It has gracefully extended its connection throughout India, from every city to every village. People can travel more easily and conveniently. Railways have not only extended as trains but also as metros from the underground to the viaducts. The latest Vande Bharat Express holds the record for the fastest train in India

Indian Railways is one of the largest railway systems under a single management system. It was introduced in India by the Britishers. The idea of introducing railways in India was initiated in 1832.  Here is how it all went.

1. History of Indian Railways

The Indian Railways began in 1853 with a 34 km journey from Bombay to Thane. It expanded across India, reaching 6000 miles by 1869. Initially developed by private companies, the govt took control in 1869 due to slow progress. Early railways prioritized British interests, incurring losses.

2. 1853 to 1900

Starting in 1901, Indian Railways became profitable. The railway budget separated in 1924, and electric locomotives were introduced in 1925. The Great Depression and WWII slowed development. Despite British interests, railways boosted Indian industries and nationalism

3. 1900 to 1947

After the 1947 partition, India's rail network split, with 40% going to Pakistan. Indian Railways was nationalized by 1950, forming the world’s largest rail network. Zones were established in 1951-1952. In 1979, electrification efforts began after that

4. 1948 to 1980

Indian Railways phased out steam locomotives, electrified 4000 km of tracks, and launched the first metro in Calcutta in 1984. The computer revolution began with computerized ticketing in 1986 and national expansion by 1995. Telephone-based inquiries started in 1994.

5. 1981 to 2000

In the 21st century, Indian Railways launched online ticket booking in 2002, created five new zones, and expanded metro systems in major cities. Vision 2020 aimed to add 25,000 km of new lines.

6. The Modern Era of Indian Railways- 21st Century.

Vision 2020 aimed to expand Indian Railways, increasing passenger train speeds to 200 km/h and freight to 100 km/h. Digitalization brought free Wi-Fi to 6,000 stations. In 2016, the semi-high-speed Gatiman Express debuted.

7. Vision 2020

In Conclusion, Indian Railways has evolved from a colonial enterprise to a vital national asset. Key milestones include electrification, digitalization, metro expansions, and privatization initiatives. Vision 2020 and modern developments reflect its ongoing transformation, enhancing connectivity and economic growth while serving millions daily with an extensive network of passenger and freight services.